Sabtu, 11 Juni 2011

Post Modernism

Postmodernism is a movement away from the viewpoint of modernism. More specifically it is a tendency in contemporary culture characterized by the problem of objective truth and inherent suspicion towards global cultural narrative or meta-narrative. It involves the belief that many, if not all, apparent realities are only social constructs, as they are subject to change inherent to time and place. It emphasizes the role of language, power relations, and motivations; in particular it attacks the use of sharp classifications such as male versus female, straight versus gay, white versus black, and imperial versus colonial. (from 'wikipedia')
Among of many theory of literature, Post-Modernism is the best one. I like this theory because Post-Modernism play with unusual thing.

There are the lists of the Post-Modernism writers :

* Kōbō Abe
* Kathy Acker
* Peter Ackroyd
* Oscar Zeta Acosta
* Rabih Alameddine
* Sherman Alexie
* Martin Amis
* Grace Andreacchi
* Yuri Andrukhovych
* Gloria E. Anzaldúa
* John Ashbery
* Oğuz Atay
* Paul Auster
* Margaret Atwood
* Maya Angelou



* James Baldwin
* J. G. Ballard
* John Banville
* Julian Barnes
* John Barth
* Donald Barthelme
* Jean Baudrillard
* Ann Beattie
* Samuel Beckett
* Saul Bellow
* Louis de Bernières
* Steven Best
* Roberto Bolaño
* Jorge Luis Borges
* Xurxo Borrazás
* William Boyd
* T. Coraghessan Boyle
* Malcolm Bradbury
* Ray Bradbury
* Richard Brautigan
* Giannina Braschi
* Anthony Burgess
* William S. Burroughs
* Octavia E. Butler
* A. S. Byatt
* Subimal Basak



* Pat Cadigan
* Italo Calvino
* Albert Camus
* Norma Elia Cantú
* Truman Capote
* Angela Carter
* Raymond Carver
* Ana Castillo
* Mircea Cărtărescu
* Theresa Hak Kyung Cha
* Michael Chabon
* James Chapman
* Noah Cicero
* Chris Cleave
* John Maxwell Coetzee
* Albert Cohen
* Robert Coover
* Julio Cortázar
* Douglas Coupland
* John Crowley
* Andrew Crumey
* Mitch Cullin
* Michael Cunningham
* Malay Roy Choudhury



* Roald Dahl
* Mark Z. Danielewski
* Alice Elliott Dark
* Don DeLillo
* Samuel R. Delany
* Jacques Derrida
* Junot Diaz
* Philip K. Dick
* Josh Dies
* J. P. Donleavy
* Rikki Ducornet
* Marguerite Duras
* Glen Duncan
* Lawrence Durrell



* Umberto Eco
* Bret Easton Ellis
* Ralph Ellison
* Dave Eggers
* Louise Erdrich
* Péter Esterházy



* William Faulkner
* Raymond Federman
* Jasper Fforde
* Timothy Findley
* Jonathan Safran Foer
* John Fowles
* Jonathan Franzen
* Carlos Fuentes



* William Gaddis
* Neil Gaiman
* Ernest Gaines
* John Gardner
* Alex Garland
* Romain Gary
* William H. Gass
* Eckhard Gerdes
* William Gibson
* Allen Ginsberg
* John Giorno
* Hedwig Gorski
* Henry Giroux
* James Gunn
* Alasdair Gray
* Gabriel García Márquez
* William Golding



* Jessica Hagedorn
* Joseph Heller
* John Hawkes
* Daniel Handler
* Michael Herr



* Juana de Ibarbourou
* Guillermo Cabrera Infante
* John Irving
* Robert Irwin
* Kazuo Ishiguro


* Shelley Jackson
* Denis Johnson
* B. S. Johnson
* Michael Joyce
* Ha Jin



* Metin Kaçan
* Ismail Kadare
* Douglas Kellner
* Jack Kerouac
* Maxine Hong Kingston
* Stephen King
* Danilo Kis
* Jan Kjærstad
* Chuck Klosterman
* Jerzy Kosinski
* John Knowles
* Prakash Kona
* Christian Kracht
* László Krasznahorkai
* Milan Kundera
* Ken Kesey



* Wally Lamb
* Doris Lessing
* Ursula K. Le Guin
* Jonathan Lethem
* Mark Leyner
* Sissel Lie
* Clarice Lispector
* Dimitris Lyacos
* Robert Ludlum
* Jean-François Lyotard



* Bernard Malamud
* Norman Mailer
* David Markson
* Cormac McCarthy
* Tom McCarthy
* Joseph McElroy
* Ian McEwan
* Jon McGregor
* Medbh McGuckian
* Ib Michael
* Steven Millhauser
* Arthur Miller
* Gabriela Mistral
* David Mitchell
* N. Scott Momaday
* Michael Moorcock
* Alan Moore
* Richard K Morgan
* Toni Morrison
* Bharati Mukherjee
* Alice Munro
* Haruki Murakami
* Grant Morrison



* Vladimir Nabokov
* Péter Nádas
* Lawrence Norfolk
* Jeff Noon



* Tim O'Brien
* Michael Ondaatje
* Brian O'Nolan
* George Orwell
* Cynthia Ozick



* Chuck Palahniuk
* Orhan Pamuk
* Suzan-Lori Parks
* Tim Parks
* Milorad Pavić
* Derek Pell
* Victor Pelevin
* Georges Perec
* Alejandra Pizarnik
* Sylvia Plath
* Mark Poster
* Chaim Potok
* Richard Powers
* José Manuel Prieto
* E. Annie Proulx
* Thomas Pynchon



* Raymond Queneau


* Ishmael Reed
* Jean Rhys
* Adrienne Rich
* Tomás Rivera
* José Luis Rodríguez Pittí
* João Guimarães Rosa
* Philip Roth
* Tom Robbins
* Theodore Roethke
* Benjamin Rosenbaum
* Salman Rushdie
* Samir Roychoudhury



* José Saramago
* Jonathan Safran Foer
* George Saunders
* Ann Scott
* Will Self
* Anne Sexton
* Leslie Marmon Silko
* Sjón
* Patti Smith
* Zadie Smith
* Sasha Sokolov
* Vladimir Sorokin
* Lemony Snicket
* Art Spiegelman
* Neal Stephenson
* Tom Stoppard
* Graham Swift
* Muriel Spark
* Sam Shepard
* Sandra Cisneros



* Amy Tan
* Juha K. Tapio
* Latife Tekin
* James Tiptree, Jr.
* Hunter S. Thompson
* Hakan Toker
* Hasan Ali Toptaş



* John Updike



* Luisa Valenzuela
* Gore Vidal
* William T. Vollmann
* Kurt Vonnegut



* David Foster Wallace
* Mark Wallace
* Alice Walker
* Irvine Welsh
* Colson Whitehead
* Jeanette Winterson
* Connie Willis
* Gene Wolfe
* Tom Wolfe
* Hans Wollschläger
* Richard Wright



* Venedikt Yerofeyev
* Banana Yoshimoto



* Zygmunt Bauman

Jumat, 10 Juni 2011

Daftar Penerima Nobel Sastra...
Silahkan Dilihat

Tahun Nama
1901 Sully Prudhomme (Perancis)
1902 Christian Matthias Theodor Mommsen (Jerman)
1903 Bjørnstjerne Martinus Bjørnson (Swedia-Norwegia)
1904 Frédéric Mistral (Perancis) dan José Echegaray y Eizaguirre (Spanyol)
1905 Henryk Adam Aleksander Pius Sienkiewicz (Polandia Kongres)
1906 Giosuè Carducci (Italia)
1907 Joseph Rudyard Kipling (Inggris)
1908 Rudolf Christoph Eucken (Jerman)
1909 Selma Ottilia Lovisa Lagerlöf (Swedia)
1910 Paul Johann Ludwig von Heyse (Jerman)
1911 Pangeran Maurice Polydore Marie Bernard Maeterlinck (Belgia)
1912 Gerhart Hauptmann (Jerman)
1913 Rabindranath Tagore (India)
1914 tidak ada
1915 Romain Rolland (Perancis)
1916 Carl Gustaf Verner von Heidenstam (Swedia)
1917 Karl Adolph Gjellerup (Denmark) dan Henrik Pontoppidan (Denmark)
1918 tidak ada
1919 Carl Friedrich Georg Spitteler (Swiss)
1920 Knut Hamsun (Norwegia)
1921 Anatole France (Perancis)
1922 Jacinto Benavente Martínez (Spanyol)
1923 William Butler Yeats (Irlandia)
1924 Władysław Stanisław Reymont (Polandia)
1925 George Bernard Shaw (Irlandia)
1926 Grazia Deledda (Italia)
1927 Henri-Louis Bergson (Perancis)
1928 Sigrid Undset (Norwegia)
1929 Paul Thomas Mann (Republik Weimar)
1930 Harry Sinclair Lewis (AS)
1931 Erik Axel Karlfeldt (Swedia)
1932 John Galsworthy (Inggris)
1933 Ivan Alekseyevich Bunin (Uni Soviet)
1934 Luigi Pirandello (Italia)
1936 Eugene Gladstone O'Neill (AS)
1937 Roger Martin du Gard (Perancis)
1938 Pearl Sydenstricker Buck (AS)
1939 Frans Eemil Sillanpää (Finlandia)
1940 tidak ada
1941
1942
1943
1944 Johannes Vilhelm Jensen (Denmark)
1945 Gabriela Mistral (Chili)
1946 Hermann Hesse (Swiss-Jerman)
1947 André Paul Guillaume Gide (Perancis)
1948 Thomas Stearns Eliot (Amerika Serikat)
1949 William Cuthbert Faulkner (AS)
1950 Earl Bertrand Arthur William Russell (Inggris)
1951 Pär Fabian Lagerkvist (Swedia)
1952 François Charles Mauriac (Perancis)
1953 Winston Churchill (Inggris)
1954 Ernest Miller Hemingway (AS)
1955 Halldór Kiljan Laxness (Islandia)
1956 Juan Ramón Jiménez Mantecón (Spanyol)
1957 Albert Camus (Perancis)
1958 Boris Leonidovich Pasternak (Борис Леонидович Пастернак) (Uni Soviet)
1959 Salvatore Quasimodo (Italia)
1960 Saint-John Perse (Perancis)
1961 Ivo Andrić (Yugoslavia)
1962 John Ernst Steinbeck (AS)
1963 Giorgos Seferis (Yunani)
1964 Jean-Paul Sartre (Perancis), menolak
1965 Mikhail Aleksandrovich Sholokhov (Михаил Александрович Шолохов) (Uni Soviet)
1966 Shmuel Yosef Agnon (Israel) dan Nelly Sachs (Jerman-Swedia)
1967 Miguel Ángel Asturias Rosales (Guatemala)
1968 Kawabata Yasunari (Jepang)
1969 Samuel Barclay Beckett (Irlandia)
1970 Aleksandr Isayevich Solzhenitsyn (Алекса́ндр Иса́евич Солжени́цын) (Uni Soviet)
1971 Pablo Neruda (Chili)
1972 Heinrich Theodor Böll (Jerman Barat)
1973 Patrick Victor Martindale White (Australia)
1974 Eyvind Johnson (Swedia) dan Harry Edmund Martinson (Swedia)
1975 Eugenio Montale (Italia)
1976 Saul Bellow (Kanada/AS)
1977 Vicente Pío Marcelino Cirilo Aleixandre y Merlo (Spanyol)
1978 Isaac Bashevis Singer (AS)
1979 Odysseas Elytis (Yunani)
1980 Czesław Miłosz (Polandia/AS)
1981 Elias Canetti (Inggris)
1982 Gabriel García Márquez (Kolombia)
1983 Sir William Gerald Golding (Inggris)
1984 Jaroslav Seifert (Cekoslowakia)
1985 Claude Simon (Perancis)
1986 Akinwande Oluwole Soyinka (Nigeria)
1987 Joseph Brodsky (Rusia/AS)
1988 Naguib Mahfouz (Mesir)
1989 Camilo José Cela Trulock (Spanyol)
1990 Octavio Paz Lozano (Meksiko)
1991 Nadine Gordimer (AfSel)
1992 Derek Alton Walcott (St. Lucia)
1993 Toni Morrison (AS)
1994 Kenzaburo Oe (大江 健三郎)(Jepang)
1995 Seamus Justin Heaney (Irlandia)
1996 Wisława Szymborska (Polandia)
1997 Dario Fo (Italia)
1998 José de Sousa Saramago (Portugal)
1999 Günter Grass (Jerman)
2000 Gao Xingjian (高行健) (Perancis)
2001 Vidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul (Inggris)
2002 Imre Kertész (Hongaria)
2003 John Maxwell Coetzee (Afrika Selatan)
2004 Elfriede Jelinek (Austria)
2005 Harold Pinter (Inggris)
2006 Ferit Orhan Pamuk (Turki)
2007 Doris Lessing (Inggris)
2008 Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio (Perancis)
2009 Herta Müller (Jerman)
2010 Mario Vargas Llosa (Peru)